2 Feb 2021 – Science parallel 2 – 1530-1630 GMT+1

Session 5: The coupled Arctic system: Improved understanding from recent international campaigns

Block of short presentations

(Full abstracts and presentations will be accessible on the conference platform)

Ocean acidification dynamics in the marginal ice zone of the Barents Sea

Jones, Elizabeth (1; presenting author); Chierici, Melissa (1); Fransson, Agneta (2); Hodal Lødemel, Helene (1); Anglada Ortiz, Griselda (3)

(1) Institute of Marine Research, (2) Norwegian Polar Institute, (3) UiT Norges arktiske universitet

Research highlights:

• This study indicates that warming, sea ice loss and Atlantification may reduce acidification of the Barents Sea

Arctic Ocean mid-winter phytoplankton growth revealed by autonomous profilers

Randelhoff, Achim (1; presenting author); Lacour, Léo (1); Marec, Claudie (2); Leymarie, Edouard (3); Lagunas, José (1); Xing, Xiaogang (4); Darnis, Gérald (1); Penkerc’h, Christophe (3); Sampei, Makoto (5); Fortier, Louis (1); D’Ortenzio, Fabrizio (3); Claustre, Hervé (3); Babin, Marcel (1)

(1) Takuvik Joint International Laboratory, Université Laval (QC, Canada) and CNRS (France), (2) Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, 29280 Plouzané, France, (3) Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France, (4) State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China, (5) Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan

Research highlights:

• Phytoplankton can grow in the wintertime Arctic Ocean in spite of polar night and sea ice

Widespread net heterotrophy in high Arctic first-year and multiyear sea ice

Campbell, Karley (1,2; presenting author); Lange, Ben (3,4); Landy, Jack (2,1); Katlein, Christian (5); Nicolaus, Marcel (6); Anhaus, Philipp (6,7); Tranter, Martyn (2,8); Matero, Ilkka (6); Charette, Joannie (4); Duerksen, Steve (4,9); Tremblay, Pascal (4); Rysgaard, Søren (8,10,11); Haas, Christian (5); Michel, Christine (4,10)

(1) UiT The Arctic University of Norway, (2) Bristol Glaciology Centre, University of Bristol, (3) Norwegian Polar Institute, (4) Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Freshwater Institute, (5) Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, (6) Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, (7) University of Bremen, (8) Aarhus University, (9) Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, (10) Centre for Earth Observation Science, University of Manitoba, (11) Greenland Institute of Natural Resources

Research highlights:

• A comparison of net community production in first-year and multiyear sea ice found similar conditions of O2 uptake (heterotrophy)
• The species composition and photophysiology of sea ice algae differed between first-year and multiyear sea ice habitats
• This work shows that climate change-related shifts towards more first-year in the Arctic may favour diatom species with less photosynthetic potential but greater capacity for acclimation

First insight into seasonal dynamics of sympagic meiofauna composition and abundance in the changing Barents Sea (The Nansen Legacy)

Marquardt, Miriam (1; presenting author); Bluhm, Bodil (1); Gradinger, Rolf (1); Søreide, Janne E. (2); consortium, Nansen Legacy ice team (1)

(1) UiT The Arctic University of Norway, (2) University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS)

Research highlights:

• The study gives first insight into seasonal dynamics of sea ice meiofauna in the northern Barents Sea
• Predominance of benthic foraminifers within the Barents Sea sea ice in December
• Ciliates occupy a major share of the sea ice habitat in winter and summer

Environmental conditions control sea ice algal lipids and trophic markers

Leu, Eva (1; presenting author); Graeve, Martin (2); Brown, Thomas A. (3); Mundy, CJ (4); Campbell, Karley (5)

(1) Akvaplan-niva, (2) Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, (3) Scottish Association of Marine Science, (4) University of Manitoba, CEOS, Department of Environment and Geography, (5) UiT-The Arctic University of Tromsø

Research highlights:

• This study highlights the environmental impact on sea ice algal lipids.
• The plasticity of sea ice algal lipids has implications for their use in food web analysis.
• Sea ice algal lipids are a critical source of high-quality food (PUFAs) for higher trophic levels – and will change in response to the ongoing warming of the Arctic.

First results on the zooplankton faecal pellet carbon flux under sea ice pressure ridges versus level ice in the central Arctic Ocean winter.

Gardner, Jessie (1; presenting author); The short-term sediment trap consortium, MOSAiC HAVOC (2)

(1) The Arctic University of Norway, (2) MOSAiC

Research highlights:

• Wintertime observations of faecal pellet composition and contribution to carbon flux between pressure ridges and level ice in the central Arctic Ocean

Climate change induced shifts in sea ice algae nutrient content: species, community and trophic implications.

Duncan, Rebecca (1,2; presenting author); Petrou, Katherina (1); Søreide, Janne (2); Varpe, Øystein (3)

(1) University Technology Sydney, (2) University Centre in Svalbard, (3) University of Bergen

Research highlights:

• This is the first study to perform single-cell analyses to investigate how sea ice algae shift their macromolecular storage of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates in response to climate change.
• As ice algae are a dominant form of Arctic primary production, changes at the single species and community level have trophic implications by altering the nutrient availability to the marine system.

Dancing in the Dark – the never-resting ballet of animal life under the Arctic sea ice

Flores, Hauke (1; presenting author); Ashijan, Carin (2); Campbell, Robert (3); Castellani, Giulia (1); Gardner, Jessie (4); Gelfman, Celia (3); Graeve, Martin (1); Havermans, Charlotte (1); Hildebrandt, Nicoloe (1); Murray, Ayla (1); Niehoff, Barbara (1); Pantiukhin, Dmitrii (1); Schaafsma, Fokje (5); Schmidt, Katrin (6); Snoeijs-Leijonmalm, Pauline (7); Shoemaker, Katyanne (8); Sakinan, Serdar (9); Svenson, Anders (10); Fong, Allison (1)

(1) Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, (2) Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, (3) University of Rhode Island, (4) The Arctic University of Norway, (5) Wageningen Marine Research, (6) University of Plymouth, (7) University of Stockholm, (8) University of Rode Island, (9) Wageningen Marine Research, (10) Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Research highlights:

• Year-round high-resolution observations of the distribution of zooplankton in the water column and in the ice-water interface using hydroacoustics, imaging profilers and under-ice video surveys
• Year-round sampling of zooplankton and sympagic fauna investigating the seasonal dynamics o contribution to biogeochemical cycles
• Unprecedented records of the habitat use of Polar cod, ice amphipods and jellyfish

Do sea ice ridges fuel winter production in the Arctic Ocean?

Olsen, Lasse Mork (1,2; presenting author); Divine, Dmitry V. (3); von Albedyll, Luisa (4); Campbell, Robert (5,6); Katlein, Christian (7); Krampe, Daniela (7); Torres-Valdes, Sinhue (4); Müller, Oliver (2); Tatarek, Agnieszka (8); Wiktor, Jozef (8); Assmy, Philipp (3); Granskog, Mats A. (3); Salganik, Evgenii (9); Høyland, Knut (9); Lange, Benjamin (3); Gardner, Jessie (10); Gradinger, Rolf (10); Reigstad, Marit (10); Larsen, Aud (11); Bratbak, Gunnar (2)

(1) University of Bergen, (2) University of Bergen, Dept. of biosciences, (3) Norwegian Polar Institute, (4) Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, (5) University of Rhode Island, (6) University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography, (7) Alfred Wegener Institute of Polar and Marine Research, (8) Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, (9) Norwegian University of Science and Technology, (10) UiT The Arctic University of Norway, (11) NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, NORCE Environment

Research highlights:

• Even during the polar night there are active microzooplankton under the pack ice and we explore the possible role of sea ice ridges in sustaining the winter production

Ice algal phenology in a changing cryosphere

Tedesco, Letizia (1; presenting author); Vichi, Marcello (2)

(1) Finnish Environment Institute, (2) University of Cape Town

Research highlights:

• This study shows CMIP5 and CMIP6 model performances to simulate Arctic and Antarctic sea-ice extent
• Model simulations reveals good agreement with satellite observations for Arctic sea-ice extent, but large disagreement for Antarctic sea-ice extent
• This study shows how climate models assessed long-term changes in sea-ice biogeochemical dynamics in the Arctic Ocean and raises the question how we can address the same for the Southern Ocean

Autonomous measurements of physical and ecological key parameters in the Arctic Ocean

Castellani, Giulia (1; presenting author); Flores, Hauke (1); Valcic, Lovro (2); Wilkinson, Jeremy P. (3); Hoppmann, Mario (1); Karcher, Michael (4); Nicolaus, Marcel (1); Veyssiere, Gaelle (3); Stroeve, Julienne (5); Kim, Joo-Hong (6); Yang, Eun Jin (6); Kauker, Frank (4)

(1) Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI), (2) Bruncin Observation Systems, (3) British Antarctic Survey (BAS), (4) Ocean Atmosphere Systems GmbH (OASys), (5) University College London (UCL), (6) Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI)

Research highlights:

• Unique measurements of sea-ice optical properties in the Beaufort Sea
• First autonomous and remotely programmable AZFP in the Central Arctic Ocean
• Potentially second transpolar drift with data on zooplankton and fish for comparison with MOSAiC data

SCIENCE DIPLOMACY AND THE FUTURE OF THE ARCTIC RESEARCH

Caymaz, Ebru (1; presenting author)

(1) Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University

Research highlights:

• Science Diplomacy
• Arctic Research